Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment

The foundation of human development, responds to the breakdown of its commitment to the development of attitudes and skills, which facilitate authentic personal, spiritual, and social development and the transformation throughout an individual’s life span. During an individual’s life span, the foundations of human development begin to change, as the direct result of the social environment. Contact within the social environment, such as various relationships with others, causes growth and change in human development.The understanding of culture and the importance of cultural competency are major factors in the development of humans in a social environment. Various aspects of development are combined together to make up an individual’s growth and development. The basics of human development in the social environment must focus on the dynamic interactions among biological, psychological, and social aspects of development. The understanding of human development requi res the comprehension of the various ranges of issues, people are facing as they continue progressing in life.This understanding includes the entire life span of an individual. The life span includes infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Each individual may face different situations in each of the different groups of the life span, which could cause alternative responses depending on physical appearance, knowledge base, or even socializing. The focus of understanding of human development in the social environment includes these three theories, biological development, psychological development, and social development.These signs of development together can be referred to as bio-psycho-social development. Biological development includes the physical aspects of the individual’s personal life. Psychological development is the individuals functioning and cognitive processes. The social development brings out the individuals interaction with others around them. In this er a, diversity and cultural competence are extremely important to understand, regarding the foundations of human development in the social environment. Diversity can alter or affect an individual’s behavior in many ways.Diversity is considered when an individual is different, or composed of differing elements. Therefore, diversity can include different nationality, gender, sexual orientation, age, class, disability, gender identity, immigration status, political ideology, and religion. At any time, an individual is determined as belonging to another group, different from the majority, the individual is considered to be subject to the effects of diversity. Many children coming from different countries have a problem with language.Not being able to speak the language of the community can cause huge barriers for the children to overcome. Many parents believe that the key to a successful life and fulfillment is to get an education. These parents encourage their kids, that with an e ducation nothing can defeat you. It is also very important for the social worker, or human service provider to be comfortable with diversity, and is culturally competent. Cross-cultured means the individual appreciates and compares the differences and the similarities of different cultures as well as their own.The general systems theory based on order, explains why the scenario is what it is. The study of social systems perspective gives the identified assumption that there is an underlying intelligible general order in the world to which all matter relates. Therefore, social order is a subset of general systems, and works together to form the theory of order. General systems theory has become more than just a theory; it has become a way of life, and a part of how we communicate.This system begins by using a reduction method, breaking down the individual by parts, which is what we may call simplification. This idea ensures each part of the whole is more manageable, and understandabl e. In this conclusion, the human development in the social environment can be changed by the stimuli of the environment or subjects surrounding them. The interaction between the bio-psycho-social dimensions of development, the concept of human diversity, and the cultural competence are all part of the general systems theory and social order.Explaining the reason why we do the things we do, challenges we face while pursuing our goals, and the changes in our personality and human development in regards to our social environment. Although, there are many factors that affect individuals as they pursue a life full of dreams, one thing is for sure, education is very important, and the environment in which an individual surrounds himself or herself with will influence decision, actions, and development of each individual.

Is College Debt To Much Essay

Everyone who wants to go to college is often faced with the same fact, how will I pay? Students often go with the options of taking loans, after much consideration and research, research sometimes based on essays written by authors. Even though Carey and Wilson both address the debt college could put someone in. Wilson provides a more convincing argument due to the fact that he gives more information on statistics of student loans, more information about loans, and an unbiased opinion. Before you make a big decision you should always know the risks and benefits. One way to ensure you make a good decision is, if possible look at statistics. In the essays â€Å"Why Do You Think They’re Called For- Profit Colleges?† by Kevin Carey and â€Å"A Lifetime Of Student Debt? Not Likely† by Robin Wilson they both take different approaches to using statistics about student loan debt in their writing. Carey does not use any statistics making his article harder to understand a nd his material credibility questionable. Carey states that, â€Å"The University Of Phoenix is on pace to reap $4 billion from federal loans† (Carey 216). This is one of the only times in his article Carey mentions how much colleges make from loans. He then says â€Å"Unfortunately, a large and growing number of graduates of for-profit colleges are having trouble paying those loans back† (Carey 216). Although Carey says it’s a large number of graduates that have trouble paying loans back he does not show any statistics to confirm it, which makes his information questionable. On the other hand Wilson uses an abundance of statistics in his article which makes the article easy to understand and a trustworthy source. According to Wilson, â€Å"Of the 65 percent who face debt, the average they owe is around $20,00† Andrews 2 (Wilson 257). Wilson also gives statistics on the amount of debt difference between undergraduate and graduate degrees, and public and private schools  graduates. Just the uses of Wilsons statistics makes me realize that debt is a manageable and wouldn’t overwhelm my life. The next point that really set these two essays apart was the amount of information given about loans. In Carey’s article he gives very little information about loans in general. He really just implies that student’s taking large loans are what are making for-profit colleges so profitable. He fails to give us information about why loans are needed, and what loans allow people to do. Unlike Wilson who again gives us plenty of material to see the pros and cons of loans. Wilson covers topics like interest rates, and borrowing risks. He also includes stories from people’s real life describing their personal success and struggles with student debt. These personal stories really helped me connect with Wilson’s article and understand the pros of taking loans. The last point that set these essays apart was the amount of bias in the articles. I felt Carey’s article was extremely biased towards one man named Michal Clifford. It shows Clifford as almost a monster. Carey says, â€Å"Entrepreneurs like Clifford, meanwhile, have been snapping up dying nonprofit colleges and quickly turning them into money making machines† (Carey 216). I on the other hand do not think its Clifford fault. He is just doing his job, and it seems he’s doing a very good job at it. One way or another the student has to pay for college and it’s going to be fairly expensive in this day and age, and I feel like Carey is just trying to put the blame on someone. Although Wilson acknowledges that there are some problems with students loans and some people will have a difficult time paying them back, I think he wrote a very fair and unbiased essay. Andrews 3 There are always two sides to every story and multiple ways of looking at things, as shown in these two essays both discussing student loan debt. Although these essays both challenged my mind and gave me new insight on student loan debt, I thought Wilsons essay was much more to the point. Also he included so much more in depth information that made the article interesting ,knowledgeable, and meaningful.

SABIC Company Audits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

SABIC Company Audits - Essay Example Many businesses have succeeded based on their historical perspective. From the case, it is determined that the business has been in operation for the past 39 years (SABIC, 2014). This is life stable enough to determine that it has a status in the economy of Saudi Arabia. Apart from time, the company has historically been supported under the focus of the king of the country. According to Doole & Lowe (2008), history has a strong bearing on the success of a company in the market. This is especially prevalent in societies that are relatively conservative. The Saudi Arabian society is incredibly much of a conservative society and there are norms that determine the consumption patterns in the country. Being largely Muslim, most of the laws and legislation on trade are bound to be based on sharia laws. History of existence in market serves a lot of functions to a company (Peng, 2013). First, the company develops the experience of the market and makes it possible to understanding changing t rends from time to time. SABIC Company deals in a collection of products; chemicals, fertilizers, plastics, and metals. It is a size that determines the market success factors because there is a focus on expansion programmes. The company is owned by the government (70%) and the private individuals (30%). History has therefore helped it to know and understand its customers, the market, the need for expansion and the challenges that it is likely to face when in any other country apart from Saudi Arabia. Historical context has enabled the company to understand its customers, the purchase context, the feelings in the market and strategies that help develop a business from one level to another. The insights to the success of SABIC are based on the achievements from the time it was formed to date. Over time, the company has grown and it is now the largest companies in the specified areas of operation.

Art response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art response - Essay Example Art theory is a factor that is very relevant to this country since the interpretation is not uniform and there is need to evaluate the relevance of each work presented in museum to form part of the cultural heritage. Successful evaluation requires in-depth understanding of content and context in which the work is relevant. It is important to note that various theories of criticism have been formulated by scholars to ensure that all the elements of art are applied relevantly in any production. The context in which the piece of art is established determines its application and serves to bring out the meaning in simpler way. For the works of art to portray the actual picture of the social context in which they are set, various critical analysis tools have been applied as in the case of the museum in Denver, USA. Another important aspect of American Art is the expression of the aesthetic values present in the pieces. USA has a wide variety of art and therefore serves as the center of anc ient studies on history and art. Art as shown from the past drawings and sculptors sets emotional status and therefore gives the real context and setting in which it was taken. Considering some of the artifacts found in the museums, it is worth to note that the emotional aspect of the works makes the viewer create a picture of the setting and context in which it is relevant. A collection of various pieces of art presents diverse abstraction which has remained a critical aspect of art. In the modern society, creative art still incorporates the ancient concepts in expressing the scene, meaning and context for the piece of art. It is important to note that art stands for past events which are useful in defining the lifestyle observed on a given society. The common saying that a picture speaks a thousand words asserts that artistic pieces say more. The posture, facial expression and other decorations gives detailed information about the moral concepts being conveyed. It is common to see the drawings painted in different colors and texture differentiated with a main aim of creating a particular impression. This is the reason behind the multiple colors, textual indentation and varied body features expression found in various artifacts kept in museums across United States. American art is not limited to artifacts but also written history. The complex social structure of the modern United States can be attributed to the Red Indian community and the immigrants who cumulatively formed the Amerindians. There is great history that covers the ancient tribes that inhabited the modern day United States. The story of art in this country dates many years back but some of the outstanding monuments like The Twins meets the Gods of Xibabla (The underworld), cylindrical vase e.593-830 CE among others gives a long period of art and history development ranging from 16,000 to date. Taking the Mayan tribe as an example, the art they left behind has been a ground for research study on the ancient American society and their way of life. The modern American society traces its roots from a very complex cultural fusion which is always exhibited in form of art. Some of the writings, paintings, drawings left behind and collected for stewardship in museums are important as far as the development of ancient art is concerned. Other art forms

Engineerin level 2 diploma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Engineerin level 2 diploma - Essay Example Nylon has great strength yet very light weight. Being elastic, it can regain its original shape when stretched. Resistance to wear and tear gives it a long life. It is usually dyed and used in ropes, certain fabrics etc. Piezoelectric materials exhibit a creep effect, the piezoelectric effect is direction dependant and can withstand very high stresses however, show a hysteresis effect during the loading and unloading of strain. It is deemed imperative by the company’s management to ensure the quality of the products being used in the organization. The word quality, when used, defines a minimum set of standards the products procured by the vendor should meet before being incorporated into the â€Å"white goods† manufactured by the company. These vendor acquired products must comply with the requirements set for the white product. It should be up to the mark with all the required features (geometry, surface finish etc) required for the purpose it is going to be used for. Moreover, it must completely comply with the national and international standards for health and safety for the workplace, workers, users and the wider environment. The customer satisfaction is the corner stone for success in the much competitive market and therefore, the parts must comply with all aspects of customer satisfaction. A survey may be conducted to this effect before implementing the standards. The quality of the parts will be ensured by setting up a separate quality management department in the organization headed by the quality assurance manager. He will further have a dedicated team working under him making surprise, periodic checks on the parts provided by the vendor. Those that are sub standard will be returned to the vendor and appropriate action taken including but not limited to fine to contract annulment in extreme case scenario. The quality assurance department will be

Services Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Services Management - Essay Example For Virgin Trains and any other business for that matter, to realize improved service delivery and performance emanating from effective service process and people management, it is imperative that the business’ processes are aligned with the wants, needs, preferences, and tastes of its clients and employees. Such an alignment is quite an effective approach in promoting business effectiveness, efficiency, flexibility, technology use, and innovativeness. In addition, there should be a continuous attempt by the company to improve its processes. In other words, the firm should adopt a "process optimization process." This approach replaces the functionally focused and traditionally hierarchical management approaches that most businesses practice with more effectiveness and capabilities to generate revenues and reduce costs. Importantly, Virgin Trains ought to regard its service processes, service people, and resources as strategic assets, which must be well managed, understood, and constantly improved to help the business add value to its products and services. Finally, Virgin Trains may adopt sound process governance in which it would allocate its processes and work towards realizing its objectives in both its operational and progress-related sections.

Competitor analysis of wedding companies in London Essay

Competitor analysis of wedding companies in London - Essay Example After people are becoming more and more interested in having destination weddings, several companies have been introduced to offer services such as planning a destination wedding which can really be hectic for an individual. Destination Weddings.com is among the most popular in London (DestinationWeddings.Com 2015). Lindy Dowling Wedding & Event Planners is another upcoming wedding planning company in London that is quickly gaining a fan base. Those who do not prefer traditional weddings and are willing to put in as much money as possible in making a wedding their most memorable moments go for the luxury weddings. The best thing about the weddings is that they are top notch in everything that a package offers. The food, drinks, reception, and every part of the wedding is characterized by glamor. There are increasingly large number of luxury wedding planners entering the market today. One of them is orchid Inspirational event planning (OrchideEvents 2015). The company is a new entrant and it is not established very well though it still attracts good number of clients. Sarah Haywood Luxury Wedding Planners & Event Designers have been in the market longer and the company is hailed as the best luxury wedding in London. There are several advantages that come with choosing a company to arrange a wedding event. Naturally, there are too many things involved in planning a wedding (Brown 2013). The choosing of a suitable location for a wedding could be tricky itself. A wedding planner offers so much help as they ask for the type of place one would prefer, sometimes bringing with them several pictures that the clients can choose from and providing insights on the best places to go (Brown 2013). The whole planning involved getting a wedding attire, choosing its colour, dressing people up, and what is required in the reception and the food (Brown 2013). These companies, at a fee, simplify all these so that the clients only worry about showing up for the

Personal Statement for UCD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Statement for UCD - Essay Example May sound cliched, but it is a fact that I was born with a silver spoon in my mouth. I belonged to quiet an affluent family and this experience casted a direct shadow on my early academic ambitions. Though, my parents, as is the case with most of the caring and responsible parents, expected me to work hard and do well at school, me having an easy access to all the basic necessities of life, and much more, my attitude towards academics was relatively complacent and easy going. It is not that I intended to take life casually and irresponsibly, but I felt that since I was from a well provided and well endowed family, I do afford to take is easy. To a great extent it was true. Academic pursuits and studies did interest me, but in a very loosely and liberal sense that though I liked to read and learn, yet these efforts were not very systematic in the sense that I never intended them to materialize into exceptional grades. I felt that my primary concern should be to learn and experience th ings and not to let my education interfere with what I considered to be real education. This also worked for me in the sense that it was a pragmatic fact that going by my immediate family circumstances, I knew I was never to compete for a job. Everything was going fine, until the catastrophe struck us in an unexpected way. Our well established family business was totally annihilated by a large corporate firm. This changed the things in many ways. Indeed, this had an immense impact on the entire family and the way of life we were used to. Yet, to put it more precisely, it had a great impact on me. Whatever I was, I was never a person given to daydreaming and fantasizing. I immediately geared up to the reality and facts. A thorough analysis of the family situation soon led me to the conclusion that now the things were not the same. My sense of responsibility and sincerity forced me to face the fact that I should not now expect my family to provide me with the comfort and stability tha t I once had. Instead, I should do whatever was possible to emerge as an asset to the family so that they should not unnecessarily worry about me. I decided that somebody has taken away my cheese and it would not come back now. So, to begin with, I started working hard at the school so that I may get good grades and a sound academic grounding, which will better my academic and career prospects. I also solicited a direct insight into the way economic theories worked by working for a taxation company and Charles Schwab Company. One thing that our family misfortune forced me to think about was that I often wondered whether the economic realities always worked in a random and fatal manner or whether there existed a method and reason behind them. This got me immensely interested in the discipline of economics. My work experience soon made me realize that businesses do always had a pivotal impact on the life of the people, their standard of living and the quality of life they led. This au gmented my interest and encouraged me to study economics in serious and systematic way. My academic efforts at the high school made me understand that economic

Total Information Network Essay Example for Free

Total Information Network Essay Total information is a paradox; no one library or resource can serve the need for scholarly pursuits though a network of such is gradually moving toward satisfying particular informational needs. The recent times are a witness to increased cataloging and documentation- which in time will be part of historical documents and databases. There is a particular inclination toward the use of the internet for informational necessities that, though not an all-inclusive resort, accords one the flexibility the modern world demands. Students and academicians benefit from the online resources at their disposal. Online libraries such as questia.com and bibliomania.com are gaining popularity from a scholarly clientele because of the flexibility it can accord one from using those online resources. Questia.com boasts of over a million journals and tens of thousands of books in fields from architecture to law, economics to psychology etc. Tools such as the encyclopedia and thesaurus, along with newspapers and magazines in their reading room, are extra amenities. Bibliomania.com has a voluminous collection of fiction, drama, poetry, and short stories, and non-fiction, biographies and religious texts in its domain. In addition, study tools such as study guides and references are part of the package.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On a more complex note, the online library libraryspot.com is connected to an even wider array of libraries- online, academic, government, public, state, law and medical libraries for one’s research needs. The online government libraries give one access to the National Archives, the Library of Congress, the Internet Law Library, the White House Press Room, National Library of Education, National Library of Medicine, National Agricultural Library and the Air Force Library. As an example, the National Archives (archives.gov) allows for an exploration of federal research documents (legislative, executive and judicial), research and order, America’s Historical Documents and presidential files. The Library of Congress (loc.gov for the online counterpart), being Congress’ research arm and â€Å"the oldest federal cultural institution† is the largest library in the world and has for its collection millions of books, manuscripts, maps, photographs and recordings. The online academic libraries give one access to select university libraries per state (e.g. Indiana University in Indiana and Columbia University in New York) that have their own collection of books, journals, dissertations and other documents along with regular library materials. The public libraries portal is connected to PublicLibraries.com, Libweb, UK Public Libraries and the Public Libraries of Europe- all of which are online. The state libraries section channels you to state-specific libraries with public records on population censuses, marriage indexes, family and local histories, military and pension information, and cemetery location files. The National Library of Medicine online and Medical Libraries online, and the Law Library Catalogs online, the Law Library of Congress online and the American Association of Law Libraries online, are cached under the medical and law libraries, respectively. Access to these online libraries is usually free, although some require a login ID and password.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For a model, the Walden Library is an excellent resource. It has a wide array of articles, books, dissertations, government resources and textbooks which one could get from Walden databases, local libraries, commercial sources and by document delivery. Walden University’s Document Delivery Service is a unique feature that allows researchers to borrow books and obtain materials’ photocopies owned by the IU-Bloomington Libraries. Registration is a requirement, and an email with a username/password will be forwarded to the subscriber. Materials requests can then be submitted (e.g. books, photocopies) after checking on an IU-Bloomington ownership from the online catalog. The service is free but typical delivery time is 7-10 days or longer and there is an assumption of responsibility for the book’s return amidst any circumstance. The Walden Library even has a portal connected to other local libraries, online bookstores and commercial sources, should the requested material prove to be inaccessible. A portal linking one to the librarian, should one have particular queries, is also an amenity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Building a total information network need not be an impossibility!

Human Resource Definition Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Definition Essay 1. Contingent workers- Someone who is not an employee, but a temporary or part-time worker for a specific period of time and type of work. Employee engagement- The extent to which individuals feel linked to organizational success and how the organization performs positively. Human capital- The collective value of the capabilities, knowledge, skills, life experiences, and motivation of an organizational workforce. Human resource management- Designing management systems to ensure that human talent is used effectively and efficiently to accomplish organizational goals Organizational culture- The shared values and beliefs in an organization. Productivity- Measure of the quantity and quality of work done, considering the cost of the resources used Sustainability-Being able to continue to operate, survive, and adjust to significant changes. - - Essay Questions: Answer the following essay questions based on the book and class discussions. 2. Ethical behavior in an organization is likely to occur when an ethics program includes these four elements: The four elements necessary to quantify an organizations ethics are 1) written code of ethics and standards 2) ethics training to executives, managers, and employees 3) availability for advice on ethical situations (i.e. advice lines or offices) and 4) systems for confidential reporting 3. What challenges face HR managers with regard to workforce availability and quality? What are potential solutions? Future supply of and demand for employees and the nature of workforce issues, including the retention of employees. These factors are used when recruiting applicants for job openings. The selection process is concerned with choosing qualified individuals to fill those jobs. 4. What are the three major roles of HR management? Which is/are the most affected by technology and outsourcing? Which roles are growing in importance? 1) administrative, 2) operational and employee advocate, and 3) strategic. 5. Identify the key competencies needed by all HR professionals, and the additional competencies needed by senior HR leaders. HR professionals need competencies in strategic knowledge and impacts; capabilities in legal, administrative, and operational areas; and technology knowledge abilities. Senior HR leaders need these areas plus others to be effective. - HR Headline: Read the following and then in teams, answer the following questions: HR Headline: The Challenges and Crises Facing HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human Resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following: 1) Adjusting benefits programs due to increasing costs; 2) Attracting and retaining key employees; 3) Planning for replacement of â€Å"baby boomers† when they retire; 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job needs; 5) Dealing with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects; and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements affecting discrimination, treatment errors, unionization, and others. Questions for Discussion: 1. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function more. There are so many way to communicate and get things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of people with different types of skills. 2. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees? What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles. 3. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase between now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are right for the jobs rather than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need new heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming. HR Headline: The Challenges and Crises Facing HR Management Recent economic downturns, industry crises, bank failures, closing of plants and stores, changes in global operations, and other factors have significantly affected organizations, managers, and Human Resource (HR) management professionals. Some jobs are in high demand while others are being eliminated. According to surveys, some of the biggest problems include the following: 1) Adjusting benefits programs due to increasing costs; 2) Attracting and retaining key employees; 3) Planning for replacement of â€Å"baby boomers† when they retire; 4) Using talent management to train and develop capabilities of employees for future job needs; 5) Dealing with the expanded personal and organizational use of HR technology through blogs, wikis, twitters, text messaging, and other aspects; and 6) Complying with revised and changing federal, state, and local legal requirements affecting discrimination, treatment errors, unionization, and others. Questions for Discussion: 4. What do you think will be the most important change in the economy that will influence HR management operations? Explain. Their media tend to be a big part of it since that how things are function more. There are so many way to communicate and get things done faster and is more time saving. Also attracts different type of people with different types of skills. 5. How do you think technology changes will change the way HR professionals do recruiting and selection of employees? What are the pros and cons of any changes? It helps people have easier way to apply for jobs or to show their talents. Help HR find people with the skills that they are looking for. But it also disqualifies many people for the reason they are in the internet/ profiles. 6. The number of jobs in HR is predicted to increase between now and 2018. Explain why you think that is? They are going to need more people to be able to hire other that are right for the jobs rather than outsourcing. Since many people are baby boomer, there are going retired soon so that means many companies are going to need new heiress there need HR to be able to cover all the new people that are coming. - - Chapter Video—Fruit Guys: After the video, answer the following questions. 6. What do you think will be the most important challenges for HR at Fruit Guys in the next five years? SUMMARYIZED THE VIDEO: It was showing how people in business think in the way of rewarding people in different positions. People that are in a higher position that are being rewarded for their performance in money show there performance actually got worse compare to the people in lower positions that are getting paid less. The study show that the people that have cram time to do a project are more productive and they show more passion on their job. Also people tend to do thing for free in there space time and are more productive since they are not pressured or force to do something they tend to be more productive. 7. Based on the CEO and other manager in the video, it appears that HR at Fruit Guys is expected to be involved in all three roles of HR. Describe an example of HR activities at Fruit Guys required for each of these roles shown in Figure 1-9 in the text.

Rousseaus Successful Responds Towards Machiavellis Arguments Philosophy Essay

Rousseaus Successful Responds Towards Machiavellis Arguments Philosophy Essay The Qualities of the Prince, the most notable treatise written by Niccolo Machiavelli in 1513, instructs the Medicis, the rulers of Italy, to save Italy from the rapacious invasion of France and Spain. In The Qualities of the Prince, Machiavelli proposes qualities that princes should acquire in order to sustain authority such as to have a balance between being feared and loved, assuming that a prince righteously possesses the power to control the people. Along with these qualities, Machiavelli also exerts his views on the properties of human nature, power, war, and the responsibilities of the leaders towards their followers. On the other hand, The Origin of Civil Society, an essay written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a significant modern philosopher, in 1762, focuses on the issue of the nature and right of man both in a natural and civilized society and thus conveys the ideas of Rousseau about what a legitimate government with a stable basis should be based on. In contrast to the belief of Machiavelli that a prince, his decisions unalterable, functions as the only commander, Rousseau claims that a government, concerning the general will (68) of the people and is elected by the people, should rule as the leader. Rousseau also asserts views opposing Machiavellis stances on war, power, human rights, and duties of the government towards its followers. Machiavelli and Rousseau formulate their ideas at different time in history with different purposes and under various social and cultural influences. Thus even though they both discuss the relationship between leaders and followers and share a few similar ideas on government, Rousseau disagrees most Machiavellis views based on war, human nature and rights, power, society, and responsibilities of the leaders. However, while Machiavelli mostly quotes historical contents to support his arguments, Rousseau uses convincing rhetorical approaches like aphorism and analogy and analyzes as well as examines closely the concepts of both the other thinkers as well as his own before coming to a reasonable conclusion. By using these methods, readers are provoked to think critically, and consequently, they accepts the ideas of Rousseau more readily than those of Machiavelli, indicating that Rousseau expresses more successful arguments than Machiavelli. To begin with, Rousseau agrees with Machiavelli that a strong government is needed in a society, but he has reservations about Machiavelli advising the prince to go to war. Machiavelli implies that a society requires a strong government through urging a prince not to take anything as his profession but war, its institutions, and its discipline (39), as Machiavelli believes that by focusing on the art of war, a strong government may be created. Rousseau approves this idea, believing that a strong government is necessary for the well-being of the people in a society. He believes that a society needs a strong government because a strong regime, guiding people to act in concert, directly leads to a powerful and cohesive association that can effectively assist people within the society in [withstanding] any resistance exerted upon them from without (67); thus, when one weaker member of the association is attacked, due to both duty and interest, the stronger individuals within the associat ion can be united to provide mutual assistance (69) against the attackers. Such actions defending members of a society against the outside powers under the guide of a strong government provides great advantage to the members of the association. Yet Rousseau does not assent that a leader should take war as his only profession (Machiavelli 39). Rousseau claims that going to war is never righteous especially when most of the times the despot is actually trying to satisfy his insatiable greed, and the vexatious demands of his Ministers instead of keeping his promise of providing civil peace to his subjects (63). As an alternative, Rousseau holds that rulers should take the common will of his people as his top priority and work to make decisions that benefit everyone in the community. While Machiavelli uses specific historical figures like Francesco Sforza and Philopoemon to support his idea that war is the most important part of a princes career, Rousseau convincingly suggests the benefit member of a society can get when a government considers the common will as its chief considerations. Rousseau maintains that if the government makes decisions according to common will, the weaker members of the society will greatly benefit fro m this action as they will receive mutual assistance (62) when being attacked from the mightier individuals with the support and guidance of the government, assuming that the common will is to defend themselves against the foreign forces for their own well-beings. This argument is more convincing than that of Machiavellis as the readers being part of the society is more closely related to the situation proposed by Rousseau but not to the historical contents Machiavelli mentions, and thus readers sympathize with Rousseaus argument more. In addition, while Machiavelli asserts that the Prince, acting as the only commander, has absolute authority over his people, and his decisions [must therefore] be irrevocable (50), Rousseau argues that being a member of a civil government that concerns the common will, every person of this association has the right to alter the decisions made by the governors or even to overthrow the existing government and establish a new one. Due to the cultural influences, Machiavelli presumes from the very beginning that every person in the country would summit themselves fully to the prince and obey his orders without questioning, thus, this leads Machiavelli to assume that people do not have the right to either choose who to rule them or decide how they are to be governed. However, Rousseau, using aphorism and analogy, makes a powerful and convincing contention against Machiavellis assumptions of common people having no say in what the ruler would do. Rousseau states at the very beginning that man is born free (59), a widely accepted aphorism increasing the persuasiveness of the argument, and later suggests that as soon as a man attains the age of reason he becomes his own master (60) given that every man deserves a condition of equal independence (59). After constituting a strong basis for his argument, Rousseau then goes on to compare the political associations to a typical family (60) with, by analogy, the ruler as the father and the people as the children. Rousseau claims that since the children are, by the law of nature, free to make decisions that will best assure [their] continued existence (60), they are vindicated to choose whether or not to keep stay at home and be controlled by their father as soon as they are independent. Consequently, Rous seau comes to a conclusion that people in a society should similarly have the right to choose whether to summit themselves to the government or to establish a new one themselves. By using the analogy of comparing the structure of a family to the political associations (60), an analogy that relates the personal lives of the readers to the government, Rousseau effectively guides the readers to thoroughly understand and agree with his points of view. This argument of Rousseau saying that the people has the right to choose who to govern is made even more convincing when Thomas Jefferson, a former Virginia governor, backs Rousseaus idea by claiming in The Declaration of Independence that it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish [any Form of Government], and to institute new Government (80). Additionally, regarding the matter of power, Rousseau rebuts Machiavellis idea that people will submit themselves fully to those who are physically mightiest. Machiavelli strongly believes that only by being armed, equivalent to be might, people would willingly summit themselves to the rulers (40). On the contrary, Rousseau maintains that yielding to physical power is a necessity but not of will (63) and therefore asserts that the act of forcing people to obey through the use of violence is not very practical as people will not surrender themselves to the mightiest person if they had the ability to get away with the orders. Rousseau successfully incites the readers to agree that might does not sustain right by presenting a hypothetical scenario and then asking the readers a provoking rhetorical question. Rousseau supposes that he is being waylaid by a footpad at the corner of a wood and is forced to give him his purse; he then asks the readers: But if I can manage to keep [my purse] from him, is it my duty to hand it over? (62) As a result, readers are actively engaged to the reading and would agree that since Rousseau is being forced in the scenario to hand over his purse, he will very likely to keep his purse away from the footpad (62) if he has the ability. Thus, the readers can conclude that Rousseau is logical when suggesting that Might does not make Right since people are most likely to find ways to escape from obeying orders when they are forced to do so with violence. In addition, by putting forward and examining closely the arguments others might present before proposing his own ideas on the issue, a convincing rhetoric approach, Rousseau has made a successful case in arguing that Might does not create Right (62). Rousseau is aware that people may claim that all power comes from God and no case will ever be found of the violation (62), suggesting that the belief of all power comes from God is generally accepted by the society at that time and no one should be allowed to go against those powers such as the mightiness of people. He therefore associates power with ailments which is also thought to have given by God, proposing that the power given by God can sometimes be faulty and disruptive, and thus encourages readers to think by asking the rhetorical questions: Are we to conclude from such an argument that we are never to call in the doctor?(62) Therefore, what Rousseau is trying to say here is that if people are able to fight against the ailment s given by God through calling in a doctor, they will also be able to rebel against the orders from the mightiest individuals, their physical power given by God, if they are forced to obey with violence. By using this clever rhetorical device, Rousseau has effectively brought out his own idea that Might does not create Right as well as drawing the readers to sympathize with him. To conclude, Machiavelli and Rousseau possess a few similar but mostly dissimilar views on the issue of government. Yet, even though they both have very distinct views on this issue, their ideas are greatly influential and are still affecting the thoughts of many modern politicians as well as inspiring many philosophers and leaders like Tomas Jefferson throughout history. By looking closely at the successful, logical and convincing arguments Rousseau made against those of Machiavellis, a clear understanding of why the society and government today behaves as Rousseau suggests can be easily obtained.

Student Protest :: Student Smoking

For years it has been a hot topic. What can students do and what can they not do? What is considered going to far? For many this is a question that has no true and legal answer. To many students, that is. In fact I happen to be one of the many. Now it would be wrong for me to write this paper and not put in my â€Å"two sense†. In my opinion this student protest bullshit has no limit. Students should not be restricted to what they can and cannot do. They like everyone else are American citizens and should not have their rights as American citizens stripped from them when they enter a building teaching them all about the rights they possess. To me that is the very hypocritical. To teach one thing, and practice another! I mean come on doesn’t that come a cross as more than a tad bit wrong. There are a number of court cases that cover the matter of student protest. Like always though I choose not to follow the norm, if you will. I would much rather take you on a trip through my mind and my opinions. As for student protest I am all for it. I would take it to the highest degree if it has to go that far. I see school as a place to come and socialize. The stuff that is taught is all boring to me. It always seems as if I already know what is going to be said. So what is the point? To go and get a diploma that in all actuality is nothing but a piece of paper that could easily be made by me. Perhaps that is why I get myself in so much trouble here. I am not the only one students just get bored and try to heighten the learning experience. Try to make it more fun for everyone. Even though there may be those who don’t quite comprehend what is going on, they still enjoy the laughter. Who knows maybe they even learn a thing or two from the student that the obviously more intelligent teacher couldn’t get them to understand. I am not saying that the student is smarter than the teacher but in some cases the yelling and screaming of a teacher to get through can be substituted by t he subtle sarcasm of the student.

Meditation Essay -- essays research papers

Meditation is a private devotion or mental exercise consisting of a number of techniques of concentration, contemplation, and abstraction to heighten spiritual awareness. It has also been defined as, â€Å"Consciously directing your attention to alter your state of consciousness.† Meditation has been practiced around the world since the ancient times. It was used back then and still used today for spiritual growth (becoming more conscious). Meditation is mostly concerned about your attention, where it is directed to, and how it alters or changes a person’s consciousness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although meditation has been used for spiritual growth, recently it has become a way of finding a peaceful bridge between stress and the fast paced world around us. It has become a way of taking time out of all the distractions and stress that occurs in our lives and relaxing and finding ourselves. Some other uses of meditation include healing, emotional cleansing and balancing, deepening concentration and insight, manifesting change, developing intuition, unlocking creativity, exploring higher realities, and finding inner guidance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is no exact way to meditate. Different people meditate in different ways. However, there are many similar guidelines or ways that people go about meditating. First, put your expectations aside. Don’t expect to all of a sudden have your consciousness altered. Be open to meditation but don’t try to force something to hap...

Argumentative Essay Eng 101

In the small village of Taiji, there is a hidden cove where Japanese fishermen slaughter thousands of dolphins each year. The massacre of these dolphins goes on for six months out of the year. The dolphins are driven in to captive by using torturous underwater noises and large nets to trap them in to this cove where they are slaughtered. Some of the dolphins are killed in the cove, by fishermen cutting their throats with knives or stabbing them with spears, while others are taken off shore into trucks and dragged by their tails to be killed later. The surrounding water is bright red with the blood of these dolphins and the air is filled with their frightening screams. Besides the abuse and unnecessary killings of these beautiful creatures, another issue that is going unnoticed is that the dolphin meat is filled with mercury and being consumed by the Japanese unknowingly. The last major issue is dolphinariums supporting the Japanese fisherman by paying thousands of dollars for selected dolphins to live in captivity for entertainment purposes. The massacre of dolphins taking place in the small killing cove in Taiji is absolutely horrific. Not only are these creatures being killed for unnecessary reasons, but they are being tortured in the process. The chase starts off with fishermen driving long metal rods into the ocean and pounding on them with hammers to create a sound barrier that will frighten the dolphins. Once the dolphins hear this noise, they panic and swim toward the shallow cove. This grueling chase can continue for up to eight hours and once they are in the cove, nets are placed to ensure that they will not escape. Early the next morning, after the dolphins have been entrapped all night, the fishermen come in small boats to slaughter the dolphins. They drive long metal spears into their bodies, slit their throats, and sometimes cover their blowholes to drown them. While these innocent dolphins fight for their lives the fishermen have absolutely no guilt or remorse for what they are doing. The dolphins are being killed for no reason in particular, in fact, the Japanese fishermen view what they do as a form of pest control. â€Å"The Japanese government tell the fishermen that dolphins are â€Å"pests† that eat too many fish, but the real reason for fishery declines is over-fishing, climate change, and pollution. † (http://www. campaign-whale. org. campaigns/Japan/dolphins) Another pressing issue that has been covered up is the consumption of dolphin meat unknowingly. The meat is highly contaminated with mercury and is not safe for human consumption. Levels of mercury in the human body poses serious health risks, especially to pregnant women and children. The contaminated dolphin meat is falsely packaged, and people are consuming this food believing that it is high-end fish meat. The mercury filled meat is also ending up in school lunches and children are coming down with serious illnesses and deformities due to the carelessness of the fishermen packing this meat. Hypothetically, if dolphin meat was safe for consumption, it is highly unbelievable that 23,000 dolphins need to be killed each year to meet consumption needs. Dolphin meat sold to the Japanese people is highly contaminated with mercury, methyl mercury, cadmium, DDT and PCBs. The Japanese government provides no warning that eating dolphin meat  poses a serious health hazard. (http://www. guardian. co. uk/film/movie/ 132131/cove. ) Perhaps the most shocking aspect of the dolphin drive hunt is the active role that some dolphinariums play in sustaining the hunt. The fishermen of Taiji would will drive a large school of dolphins into the small killing cove, and dolphins trainers flock to the scene to find the best-looking dolphins for their display facilities. By doing business with the fishermen and paying up to 200,000 dollars a dolphin, they are maintaining the dolphin drive slaughters. The growing selection process drags on for several hours, and some dolphins die from either shock, injuries, or exhaustion. During this time some make frantic attempts at staying at the surface of the water, but their pectoral fins have been dislocated or broken. An injured dolphin is worth nothing to the aquarium industry and the dolphin trainers simply hall the dying dolphins back into the water and dump them, showing no emotion whatsoever. (http://www. savejapandolphins. org/faq. php) Dophinariums that purchase dolphins claim that they are saving the dolphins from slaughter, however, this is entirely inaccurate. The only save the ones that can be commercially exploited and leave the â€Å"rejects† to be killed by the fishermen. There are many facts to support that the killing of the dolphins in Japan is unnecessary, brutal, and morbidly wrong. The way that these animals are chased and tortured before they have to endure an excruciating death is heart wrenching. This is an issue that is ongoing despite the continuous attempts to stop what is happening. The only way to stop the killings is to expose them to the world. The goal of trying to get footage of the slaughters is for awareness purposes because the more that this issue become exploited, the better chance there is to stop what is happening to these dolphins.

Odysseus’ Obstacles

Epic heroes must overcome obstacles in order to prove themselves true heroes. In The Odyssey by Homer many of the obstacles Odysseus encounters are female, monsters, and seducers. Odysseus overcomes many female obstacles such as Scylla, Circe, Sirens, and Calypso. Ancient Greeks felt women were dangerous. Things would be different if Odysseus encountered more male obstacles because he would have just fought them and won. Odysseus has many experiences with female characters such as Scylla, Circe, Sirens, and Calypso. In order to overcome these obstacles Odysseus had to go threw many difficulties. He ended up having affairs with Calypso and Circe. To overcome these obstacles he left them for Penelope. When Odysseus was stranded on Circe’s island he tried to escape waiting for boats to save him. He came in contact with many other female characters also after he escaped. The ancient Greeks thought women were very dangerous and tempting. If Odysseus never came in contact with Calypso or Circe he would have never had any affairs. If those affairs never started Odysseus would not have had an affair with Calypso for seven years. He also would not have had an affair with Circe meaning he would have returned to Ithaca sooner. His affairs were part of the reason for his delay. Things would have been different if Odysseus encountered more male obstacles because he could have fought them and would have won but from what we see Odysseus did not believe in physical abuse toward women, so he was also sexist. He did not believe in killing or hitting women. Throughout the book the only women he killed were his maids because they had sexual relations with the suitors. Therefore he could not kill or hit Circe or Calypso because they were good to him. If Odysseus did not encounter so many female obstacles he would have gotten to Ithaca quicker but he was an epic hero therefore he had to prove himself a true hero.

Pitt Street in Sydney and Bourke Street Mall in Melbourne Essay

Apart from Zara, Inditex also owns international labels Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarious, Oysho, Zara Home and Uterqà ¼e. The formula for Zara is simple: latest catwalk trends reproduced, plus new stocks delivered to stores in fewer than 15 days, plus giggle-inducing prices, equates to global success. â€Å"Our decision to come to Australia now is based on two main reasons. Firstly, our operations are at that capability level of supplying to a country like Australia, which is quite far away from our headquarters in Spain. With new stocks needing to be sent every two weeks, we had to be absolutely sure we could handle this new amount of orders. â€Å"Secondly, we were waiting for the right locations to become available, and now we [have] found two excellent spots in Sydney and Melbourne and were happy to launch into Australia.† Fleur Madden-Topley, managing director of PR agencies Red and Blue by Red, feels that Australian consumers have also created the demand for the brand’s entrance onto our shores Touted as one of the world’s most successful logistics operations by the Harvard Business Review, the production line is executed like clockwork, where lorries move in and out on schedule to ensure each store gets its fortnightly update of stocks right on time. Echevarria oversees all international marketing activities and media relationships, engaging assistance from a local public relations firm only during momentous occasions like new store openings. Zara’s closest competitors, such as Swedish label H&M, the UK’s Top Shop and the US’s Gap, spend typically three to five percent of annual revenues on advertising campaigns, and have a penchant for involving celebrities, either in their advertising or their product lines. Top Shop has its sought after Kate Moss collection, while H&M has limited pieces designed by the likes of Madonna and Kylie Minogue. Gap is well-known for attracting star names, such as Lucy Liu, Jennifer Aniston and John Mayer, to appear in its advertisements. Our store locations and window fronts are our biggest form of advertising Zara tailors its products to each city â€Å"Zara has effectively utilised word of mouth, or strategic public relations, in building and maintaining its brand. So while rivals outsource to Asia, Zara makes its most fashionable items — half of all its merchandise — at a dozen company-owned factories in Spain. Clothes with a longer shelf life, such as basic T-shirts, are outsourced to low-cost suppliers, mainly in Asia and Turkey. Zara’s nerve center is an 11,000-square-foot hall at its headquarters in Arteixo, a town of 25,000 in Galicia. That’s where hundreds of twentysomething designers, buyers, and production planners work in tightly synchronized teams. It is there that the company does all of its design and distribution and half of its production. The concentrated activity enables it to move a dress, blouse, or coat from drawing board to shop floor in just two weeks — less than a quarter of the industry average. Inditex says it works with unions and other organizations â€Å"to have the most respectful supply chain† and audits all of its partners every year, but like most major fashion companies that outsource the manufacturing of their clothes, it has received its share of complaints about factory conditions

Peace in Eastern Religions Essay

All Eastern religions have their own ideas about engendering peace within individuals and society. Jainism and Buddhism insist on the protection of all life. Confucianism permits war whenever reality would not allow for absolute peace within society. Daoism, on the contrary, rejects war by almost equating tranquility with the true nature of humanity. It is reasonable, therefore, to pose the following questions: Do all people love peace? If so, why do we have to discuss the subverting of hatred? As a matter of fact, all people cannot find peace until and unless they have come to believe in certain peace-inducing thoughts, such as ahimsa of the Buddhists. All religions propose peace with their particular sets of beliefs. Followers of the religions are required to know the thoughts of their peace-loving leaders, however, before they can find absolute peace within themselves. There is no religion without knowledge, which is why a Jain must know the basic beliefs of his or her community before peace could be practiced in the form of complete nonviolence. I believe that the â€Å"inner peace† proposed by Buddhism is the most important definition of peace. This is the kind of peace that is available to all, regardless of our levels of education. Even before an individual has realized the peace-inducing thoughts of the Buddha, or another religious leader, â€Å"inner peace† is essentially available. Moreover, nonviolence is best practiced with â€Å"inner peace. † If this kind of peace is not available to an individual, he or she may find it difficult also to understand the nonviolent practices of the religion. After all, an agitated and wrathful mind would not be able to practice nonviolence in the best possible way. Despite the fact that Buddhism is an offshoot of Hinduism, Smith-Christopher (1998), the editor of Subverting Hatred: The Challenge of Nonviolence in Religious Traditions, has positioned the chapter on Buddhism before the chapter on Hinduism. This allows the reader to understand the origins of Buddhism after reflecting on the religion. Most importantly, however, the placement of the chapter on Buddhism before the chapter on its origins allows the reader to be introduced to the concept of â€Å"inner peace† earlier on. This is an indispensable form of peace without which no concept of nonviolence is possible to be understood. Seeing that the subject of the book is the practice of peace, it would have been appropriate also to place the chapter on Buddhism as the first chapter in the book – simply for an understanding of â€Å"inner peace. †

Discuss how India is an idea, held together ; sustained by political will

My first brush of covering with India as an thought and non merely a geographical part that I simply inhabit was facilitated by Amitav Ghosh. ‘The Shadow Lines ‘ was that one novel that led me to see India with a different point of view, as more than merely ‘home ‘ . For Th'amma ( the supporter ‘s grandma ) India, the thought of a state and what patriotism and nationality defined for her, held a wholly different significance than that for the supporter himself. On the contrary, the thought of India was wholly different for Ila, the storyteller ‘s cousin, who had ever lived abroad. This illustrated apposition of the diverseness of idea led me to understand the true sentiment behind the thought of a state – it is one with no peculiar definition but a battalion of visions, intents and doctrines. The definition of a state has differences on the footing of the state ‘s political orientation and history, which necessarily dictates the success or failure of the mass of peoples as a state. Coincidentally, the Indian illustration is one that seems to be the most powerful ingredient in the Indian socio-political stock. Some historiographers claim that frequently it is a mere accident that two geographic parts are clubbed together as one state. A instance in point would be the citizens of Kutch and Karachi who likely would be more similar to each other than the people of Kutch and Kalimpong, both of which go on to be a portion of the same state, India. I think it is this diverseness and the enormousness of the state that must be taken into history in order to discourse India as an thought. It has been 60 old ages since independency and the universe ‘s largest democracy is now divided on the footing of caste, category, part, faith more than it of all time was. At times in our free history the political system was practically dysfunctional and coupled with the ill-famed rampant corruptness, rendered the full state on the brink of instability. Time and once more one has witnessed politicians taking advantage and seeking to call up support on the ever-narrower lines of political individuality. Politically, it has become more of import to be a â€Å" backward caste † , a â€Å" tribal † , or a spiritual sectary than to be an Indian. Clangs of involvement in electoral pools are now easy dissolved by opposing the proud Hindu against the agnostic Indian. Multiple insurgence and foreign invasions are jobs that India has faced ( and still faces ) and clawed its manner out of, tops this atrocious province of personal businesss. India – a state that survived – worth a unit of ammunition of hand clapping. eally talking, states are and should be seen as cultural buildings. They are an ideological phenomenon which gets consolidated as a state when there ‘s a will to be an entity that maps as a whole unit. It can be seen as an imagined community ; the desire of an full battalion to be and remain together. In our modern universe, state can be seen as a paradox in itself. Given that geographical boundary lines define merely but the political boundaries, the state as an thought is imagined, non existent, touchable, or predefined. And in bend by virtuousness of being ‘imagined ‘ a state is limited – even the culturally-watertight states have fictile boundaries beyond which lie other states. It is imagined – as a community and sealed in a deep ‘horizontal ‘ chumminess. Similarly India besides becomes an thought, where small things become beat uping points. Where a little thought can be made out to be an intensely sentimental statement and support can be garnered for it ; where ‘the myth of persecution ‘ can frequently be seen at work, where one may be made to experience that one has been dealt with below the belt. Multiple occasions in the Indian history would stand testament to the same, instance in point being the Khalistan or even the Ayodhya difference. I feel, that at some degree it boils down to the thought of indigeneity. What precisely does it intend to depict a people as the â€Å" autochthonal † dwellers of a land and why is the construct of indigeneity of import? The inquiry that seems to peal once more and once more is whether a state can be formed by thoughts of indigeneity, whether the isolation of historical events as distinct strands is possible. A state like India with its astonishing diverseness is losing the hybridism, its existent kernel and doing it as a individual massive strand. As is the instance with most national emotions and motions, the analysis of the derivation becomes every bit of import as the effect. Miraculously, but non surprisingly, as a people, counter-nationalism issues become cardinal mileposts in the development of Indian patriotism. Some issues that set case in point are Khalistan, Ayodhya, Telangana, the North East insurgence. There tends to be a common pivot of all these issues and any treatment of this disposition would be exhaustively uncomplete without preceding it with a comprehensive brief about Pakistan and the influence this difference has had in Indian idea and patriotism since independency. Just the mere figure of connexions and the Partition stories one would hear in an mean North Indian family is proof plenty of the huge importance Partition holds in our lives even if we do n't experience it actively in our lives. Every Indian has an sentiment on Pakistan, on India ‘s relationships with it, on how we should cover with it. Pakistan has much a larger presence in our lives than we would wish to accept. There are still multiple arguments on whether there in fact was a instance for Pakistan as a separate state ; had it go a necessary immorality to hold a separate state and the fact that we could hold lived together as one happy state was merely but a romantic impression. Or was it in fact a kid of a mere phantasy, on the portion of the assorted distinct parties, which finally bailed after things did n't sail the manner the hoped they would. The two far abounding and obvious positions have although been concurrent on the fact that the people who had stopped seeing oculus to oculus and were anyhow divided on the footing of spiritual and political hostility. People argue that factors like common environment, linguistic communication were superficial facts that did non truly adhere the now understood to be sacredly contrasting thoughts and as a effect a strong sense of individualism of idea. It is this negative chumminess that is the foundation of the obvious Hindu-Muslim divide that has been seen as the ground the cicatrixs that blemish the face of Indian history ; the instance in point being Godhra and the Babri Masjid. This was a counter-nationalist motion foremost took birth during the Partition and is still disputing the thought of India as a state. Many historiographers believe that the rebellion of 1857 â€Å" was the last noteworthy manifestation of Hindu-Muslim integrity † . The claim is that since Indians were contending a common enemy, vis-a-vis the imperialist regulation, they could non afford to be divided at that clip. The Muslims have ever been given a ‘second-class ‘ position since Independence. This has evidently put the inquiry of patriotism and nationality into inquiry. There has been a sense that nationality could be without the desire for holding a separate state, so whether it all boils down to a individual belonging to a peculiar part or faith or the fact which makes one feels a sense of patriotism and unity. Babri Masjid and the wake is likely one of the events that will be etched in the heads of everyone from that age. The Ayodhya argument is frequently seen as a mixture of fact and fiction – of myth and history. Following a brief timeline of the full difference would exemplify how this has acted as a major force in constructing a state ‘s constricted sentiment pool. It all started in 1949 with the Indian authorities ‘s declaration holding the site ‘controversial ‘ after graven images were placed in the mosque. It would be interesting to observe here how there was no contention until this point. This sudden declaration betrayed political motivations which can be besides linked to the 1984 Ram Janma Bhoomi temple propaganda started by VHP and BJP under Lal Krishan Advani. For the interest of constitution of position it would be disposed to add that BJP started as a party to function a feasible anti-congress forepart and Hindutva was surely non the chief focal point at the clip of its origin. The decimation of the BJP in the 1984 elections proved to be a turning point where Congress had successfully played the Hindu nationalist card and upstaged the party on its Hindu certificates. BJP could non let this to go on and Hindutva came to the foreground. Since so ‘Hindutva ‘ has been used at assorted points by BJP, VHP and Shiv Sena as propaganda to stoke a certain kind of patriotism within the Black Marias of the people. Even though Hindutva literally means Hinduness and is a doctrine, the construct is being used clip and once more, driven by a certain political will, to split the people and granary ballot Bankss with such junior-grade political relations. In 1989, Advani introduced footings like pseudosecularism, minority-ism and Hindutva in the mainstream political vocabulary. Hindutva became the board on which Advani based the greening of the party. However, Hindutva ‘s history tends to merely supply the juncture for the argument and is itself left mostly unspecified. A portion of the job is that Hindutva ideologists have merely now begun to stipulate their rules of history. Another specifying minute in the recent Indian yesteryear which would stop up re-defining India is the 1984 anti-Sikh public violences. After the divider this would likely be the event that left an unerasable impact in the lives of Sikhs and most of Northern India. Though the Prima facie ground for the public violences are frequently considered the blackwash of Indira Gandhi, there were other deep seated causes that were easy multiplying and disputing India, which was still in its birth. The birth of the Khalistan motion spearheaded by Bhindranwala must be traced back in order to appreciate the counter-nationalism at work here. The green revolution that had brought about huge economic growing and prosperity in Punjab had led to the increasing belief about Sikhs holding a separate cultural individuality and position and hence conveying about a sense of distinguishable inequality in the societal beds. This unintegrated societal construction of the small towns led to entrepreneurial struggles between the agricultural community of Jat Sikhs and the trading community of Hindu Brahmins, Khatris and Baniyas. The political perturbation in Punjab provided the Sikh community the chance and motivation to research the traditionally restricted patterns of trade and concern. The rise of terrorist act combined with the forced in-migration of the Hindus by the Sikh Aroras ( who were subsequently themselves driven out from the small towns by the Sikh Jats ) furthered the Khalistan Movement. Gradually though, the local community withdrew support and settled into the new system that Punjab was get downing to follow. In retrospect, it was this eventual deficiency of ideological committedness among those â€Å" contending the conflict for the Sikh state † as it was being articulated by the urban middle-class ideologists of the motion in media or the academe that led to the attenuation of the Khalistan motion. Another brewing issue of recent times which caught the attending of the state has been down South in the province of Andhra Pradesh. Telangana is one of the least developed parts in India. Rampant poorness, illiteracy, malnutrition, child labor, husbandman self-destructions, unemployment, H2O scarceness and electricity deficit are some of the major jobs of this part. However, these comfortss are non the lone issues blighting Telangana today. Google Telangana and one will happen links to the communist-inspired battle of the 1940s and 1950s and the breakaway agitation of 1969-70 or the one in advancement. While there is no nexus at all between the battle and the agitations, it is going progressively clear that Telangana Maoists hope to mount on the separationist bandwagon to foster their ain cause. On a side note, what truly upset me is the function of media or deficiency thereof with this full issue. The English media that finds it boring to describe the issue beyond a point, has led to dilution of consciousness about the extent of this battle. Inadequate representation from the lower class/caste, does non give it the importance it deserves. An mean Indian today will non be as cognizant of the Telangana issue as he would be of the 26/11 bombardments, which is non to state that the incidents are comparable. My point is that at some degree it is the media that ends up make up one's minding what kind of attending an issue will or will non acquire, which is why the function of responsible news media becomes much more of import. Conversely, what one notices is a fractured and lopsided position of most things – be it the Telangana or the Naxalites. The job in Andhra Pradesh today is in portion caused by the non-implementation of the assorted agreements reached at the clip of the 1969-70 agitation by consecutive authoritiess. One can debate that if a Telangana Regional Committee with a separate budget and program had been created at that point, things would non hold come to such a base on balls today. Few today believe that the jinni of segregation can be put back in the bottle, given the mode and graduated table in which it has been unleashed. The environment today is far excessively charged with emotion. Though it might sound simplistic to reason so, the issue needs to be dealt in a manner that covers the justification of Telangana exhaustively because a separate Telangana will certainly take to demands of other new provinces. So if in instance Telangana as a separate province is formed, it needs to be justly justified sing all facets. However, even if the province has to be bifurcated, every political leader in Telangana has the duty of quieting piques so that rational thoughts and solutions resurface. If non, more than anyone else, it is the common man, the people of Telangana who would endure. The agony of the common man has become a regular motive in India. Just like the people in the North East. The Seven Sisters of the North-East part of India viz. Mizoram, Nagaland, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur are connected to the remainder of India by a narrow strip of land known as the Siliguri Corridor or Chicken ‘s Neck. Even though the seven provinces are a portion of India, the people of these provinces are treated as aliens. Much of the part is notably different from the remainder of India, ethically and linguistically, and each province has its civilizations and traditions distinct from the others. It is home to more than 166 separate folks talking a broad scope of linguistic communications. Some groups have migrated over the centuries from topographic points every bit far as South East Asia ; they retain their cultural traditions and values but are get downing to accommodate to modern-day life styles. Each province in the North East has a sep arate ground and cause for insurgence. Some groups call for a separate province, others for liberty while some utmost groups demand nil but complete sovereignty. The provinces have accused New Delhi of wholly disregarding their issues. It is this feeling that has led the indigens of these provinces to seek greater engagement in self-governance. There are bing territorial differences between Manipur and Nagaland and a uninterrupted rise of insurrectionist activities and regional motions in the other provinces as good. The insurgences in the north-east have ever been of grave concern to the unity of India as a whole but ne'er came to the head in full force or were ne'er seen as an issue which needed to be dealt with immediate concern. Although away late, the authorities has sat up and taken notice of the north-east particularly because 98 per centum of its boundary lines are aligned with other states doing these boundary lines porous and unsafe. It is of import that if the boundary lines are being shared by states particularly with China, that the range for development and substructure is bettered in the part. As a consequence, new policies are being developed among faculty members and politicians where 1 is looking at the North-east for development ties with political integrating and economic integrating with the remainder of India. These issues are non mere socio-political inquiries but issues that have had a cavernous impact on the public ‘s perceptual experience of the thought of a state. India has made it. At first glimpse, India must look like a state pullulating with jobs – on the brink of a putsch even. What is maintaining the state glued together? It is the Indian on the street. There is integrity in the absence of order and forbearance in convulsion. The Indian has a strong sense of patriotism and belonging. When the people from Kutch and Kalimpong meet, they put their custodies together and state Namaste. This is India, the state that made it.

Supermarket the urban trend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Supermarket the urban trend - Essay Example But, as this report will illustrate, such 'choice' has in the long run, come at a price. Supermarkets today, are proving to be a disaster rather than a boon for the society. The modus operandi of the supermarkets both in procuring and selling goods has had a telling effect on all sections of the society. "Supermarkets wield immense power over the way we grow, buy and eat our food. They are shaping our environment, our health and the way we interact socially. These changes have gone unchallenged because consumers have been sucked into superstore lifestyles, persuaded that the opportunity to select from six different brands of cut-price oven chips at three in the morning represents choice and value" In the essay, we initially assess the extent to which the supermarket industry controls the economy and also analyze the amount of power that supermarkets wield over the government or other smaller players like grocery stores etc. The essay critically analyses the present consumer trends as well as their current mindset. It is also important to determine their main influencing factors that ultimately work in favor of the supermarkets. Finally, the essay discusses the core issue of how a supermarket adopts different strategies in order to woo customers in addition to discussing the various ways in which the consumers are heavily dependent on the consumers for most of their daily needs. Overview of the Supermarket Industry A supermarket is a self-service grocery outlet that sells food, beverages and other goods. They are located on urban high streets or in shopping malls, covering an area of around 4,000-25,000 square ft. According to the M+M Planet Retail (2001), over the last 10-15 years, many have developed branches in out-of-town or edge-of-town locations. According to the IGD in 2001, the major supermarket constitute around 60% of the total market, retailers around 20%, while other smaller vendors and shops fill up the gap which is a mere 13%, In addition to the Co-operatives & hard discounters shares of 5% & 2% respectively. Market analysts, Taylor Nelson Sofres, who calculated the market share after studying shopping habits in 15,000 households, puts the figure at 75% for UK's major supermarket chains. The supermarkets have also set their foot in the convenience sector, which is valued at around 21bn by the Fortune Magazine (2003). This is part of a strategy of the supermarkets, which aims the so-called 'cash-rich, time-poor' consumers who are on the rise. The Competition Commission report on Supermarkets has made a clear distinction between the two sectors giving the green light to potential takeovers. For example, as cited by just-food.com & Grocertoday.com (2001), Supermarket giant Tesco has acquired hundreds of stores after it took over the reins of TNS and Administore (cited by Reuters, 2001). The simple message sent out here is that the market is not a place for weaklings. Overview of Consumer trends "Trend cycles seem to be emerging more rapidly as a result of technology, accelerated social diffusion, instantaneous

Wal-Mart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wal-Mart - Case Study Example Wal-Mart is envisioned to help people save their money so that they can live a better life. It has a reputation for convenience and wide range of products all in one store (marketingteacher.com, 2011). It is however, facing some threats and challenges like any other organization. Since it is number one, it means that it is the target of both local and global competition. Also being a global retailer, it is exposed to political problems in the countries it operates in. Intense price competition is also one of the major threats it is facing which has resulted in price deflation in some ranges (marketingteacher.com, 2011). Wal-Mart is world’s largest retailer and despite of its edge in IT, control of its empire could leave it weak in some areas due to its huge stretch of control. Since it has a large product diversity ranging from food to clothing to stationary, it may not have the flexibility of some of its more focused challengers. Although the company is global, it still has i ts presence in relatively few countries across the world (marketingteacher.com, 2011). 2. What priorities did Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott set in his Wal-Mart: Twenty-First Century Leadership address (24 Oct 2005)?  ... Lee Scott set this commitment as one of his priorities and promised to abide by it. He also addressed his opportunities one by one, starting with the environment. He highlighted that by being one of the largest companies in the world, environment is their responsibility and environmental problems are their own problems. They can supply natural products such as fish, food and water only if the environment is safe and protected. This can be possible only if there is zero wastage and they are supplied by 100% renewable energy (Lee Scott, 2005). Another goal is the reduction of waste and this is one of their most visible opportunities. This can be achieved if the materials in the packaging are made up of recyclable materials. This can save them a lot of money and in turn help the environment (Lee Scott, 2005). Lee Scott’s another goal is built around the products Wal-Mart sells wherein customers should not make compromises when they buy products at Wal-Mart stores. Similarly, heal thcare and wages structure, community involvement or diversity are other areas which were emphasized by Lee Scott in his Twenty-First Century Leadership address (Lee Scott, 2005). 3. Wal-Mart’s Board discussed proposals to meet (some of) these challenges at a board retreat in 2005. To counter the challenges, the team proposed Wal-Mart to implement the nine limited-risk initiatives and five bold steps. The first initiative is to change the eligibility criteria for health insurance so that Wal-Mart becomes more competitive in the part-time labor market. The second initiative is to decrease cross-subsidization of spouses which would allow more dollars to be put towards Associates and their children. The third initiative is to provide information related to healthcare and health

Personal statement to Solar Energy Engineering Masters application Essay

Personal statement to Solar Energy Engineering Masters application - Essay Example One of the reasons I want to pursue a master’s degree in engineering is because I want to become a full time professor in the future. The fact that bilingual (English / Spanish) is a great attribute to have as an educator. In 2005 I moved to Boston and started working in the field of sales engineering of different instrumentation companies while at the same time teaching part time at Wentworth Institute of Technology. One of the best learning experiences about my sales job was the opportunity to different parts of Latin America and visit factories and rural places. I am interested in the Umass Lowell’s Master of Science Degree Program in Energy Engineering because of my interest in solar energy. I read about the different projects in place such as the Peru Project and would like to eventually implement something similar in Mexican communities and other Latin American communities where there is no electricity, telephone service, and untreated drinking water.

The Standards of Care of a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Essay

The Standards of Care of a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis - Essay Example Proliferation of the synovial membrane and uncontrolled persistent inflammation are the characteristic features of RA which manifest as a symmetric arthritis affecting several small and large joints. Other symptoms include fatigue, articular stiffness, anorexia and fever. Complaint of pain and limited lifestyle are the characteristic features of the onset of the disease. If left untreated, the inflammation will result in serious life threatening conditions during its progression. Morbidity, progressive disability and hastened mortality feature the untreated disease conditions. As a result, it entails serious economic implications for both the patients and their families as well as society as the affected people are unable to continue in their employment with the same efficiency as before with their normal functioning of their palms, feet and gait seriously affected and progressively disfigured and disabled (Cush, Weinblatt, & Kavanaugh, 2010). According to National Audit Office, ther e are around 580,000 people afflicted with RA with additional 26,000 new cases every year. The disease affects people of age between 40 to 60 years with women who are three times more likely to be affected than men. The patient referred herein for treatment also happens to be a woman aged 40. This being an auto-immune disease, affects small joints of the hand and feet. If severe, it reduces life expectancy by 6-10 years as a result of co-morbidity through cardio-vascular diseases or side effects from treatment (Home & Carr, n.d.) The disease reduces the affected person’s work life by five years. Its annual cost to the U.K. economy is estimated to be between ? 3.8 and ? 4.75 billion (NationalAuditOffice, 2009). There are many institutions engaged in the care of RA with their own guidelines for treatment. British Society for Rheumatology (BSR, (n.d)),NHS (NHS, n.d.), National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS) (NRAS, n.d.), The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists (SCPOD, n .d.), The Musculoskeletal Services Framework (DeptOfHealth, 2006), NSF long-term conditions (DeptOfHealth, Department of Health, 2005), 18 week commissioning pathway (DeptOfHealth, Department of Health, 2006) and Podiatry rheumatic care associations (PodiatryRheumaticCareAssociation, n.d.) are the major sources of standards of care for RA conditions. They are complementary to one another and it is worthwhile referring to all of them while dealing with the patient affected by RA. Brief outline of care Two of the inevitable symptoms RA are joint pain and stiffness that manifest in the foot and ankle in the early stages. These symptoms also change during the course of progression of the disease (Helliwell, 2006). Since rheumatoid arthritis is not curable, the aim of care is to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life for the patient. Although multidisciplinary approach is resorted to, therapeutic interventions are the responsibility of rheumatoid specialist professionals. The patie nt involvement and empowerment are desirable for a successful outcome with the patient coping up with the course of treatment and lifestyle adaptations (Alexander, Fawcett, & Runcinman, 2006). For control of pain, analgesics such as paracetamol/aspirin, compound analgesics such as cocodamol to NSAIDs can be administered. Since NSAIDs are associated with gastrointestinal side-effects, cyclo-oxygenase (Cox) II group of NSAIDs are recommended so that side effects are at minimal levels. (Alexander, Fawce

Procurement management process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Procurement management process - Assignment Example The paper gives emphasis on the procurement management process and has described the same with regard to REI. The procurement management process is defined as steps, which are required for purchasing or acquiring services or products from any source that is outside the limits of a firm or organization. The sources are external suppliers of the products. The procurement management includes maintaining good relationship with suppliers for ensuring that the organization is receiving high level of services. It assures that purchasers receive those goods, which they have paid for. The success of an organization depends on effectiveness of the procurement process and therefore, managers need to create plans for procuring goods and services, facilitating the reduction of cost and time of delivery. There are many fundamental steps in the process. At the initial stage, the procurement process depends on changes in technology, attitude and personnel. A positive method is needed to be adopted, which stresses on a satisfying relationship with the suppliers. Suppliers are regarded as the most critical component in the procurement process of any company. In case of any dispute with these suppliers, the organization is bound to suffer from unavailability of the required resources, which in turn heavily affects the entire production process. The company has donated millions of dollars for supporting the conservation efforts that they have undertaken worldwide. It sends dedicated teams for volunteering in activities across several places nationwide. The activities include restoring local habitats, cleaning up the beaches as well as building of trials. Therefore, through many business practices, the company has tried to reduce environmental damages that have been created by their actions (Recreational Equipment, Inc, 2014). The company, through its successful operation, has expanded their business

Position Paper on Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Position Paper on Global Warming - Essay Example However, all of such luxuries have been provided at a cost which is will be paid by the current and the next generations. Global warming is considered to be one of such costs. Global warming is an end product of the major boost in industrialization and deforestation in the past and current century which is causing alarming changes in the environment and temperature levels of the planet. 2. Causes of the Problem United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change explained that the rising of the burning of fossil fuel in vehicles, factories etc causes an alarming increment in the emissions of greenhouse gases that prove to be harmful for the environment (8). The green house gases are an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrogen dioxide (N2O). The accumulation of these gasses in the environment tends to trap the sun rays in the Earth’s atmosphere, rather than facilitating them to radiate back to the space. The retention of the heat rays from the sum tend s to cause an increment in the temperature of the planet and results in greenhouse effect. This is known as global warming. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change quoted figures that highlight the level of increment in the CO2 emissions in the past years; the boost in industrializations in the past 25 years caused an increment of emissions from 278 parts per million to an alarming high level of 379 parts per million in 2005 (8). Gore has done tremendous work with the aim of bringing about awareness regarding the crisis of global warming. He considered the production of power from fossil fuel burning as the biggest threat to global warming in the prevailing times and promotes immediate rectification of the source (4). Figure 1: Presence of CO2 in the environment over the years (Hoeven, 8) The above figure shows the increasing levels of CO2 in the environment for the past 40 years. It can also be noticed that the pace of increment has fastened since the beginning of the present century. Gore considered deforestation as the second major source of emissions of CO2 in the environment (187). The increasing trend of industrialization and urbanization has caused an increase in deforestation activities which leads to producing greater electricity and heat. Deforestation has dual effects on the environment. Firstly, upon cutting the trees the CO2 present in the trees is led out into the atmosphere. Secondly, trees are naturally equipped to absorb the CO2 from their surroundings; this natural cycle is disturbed when the trees are no longer present to absorb CO2. Toepfer explained another reason of the emergence of global warming; the depletion of ozone layer (2). Ozone layer serves as a shield (of molecules) from the intense heat rays from the sun. Toepfer stated after years of usage of manmade chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), it has been concluded by scientists that these emissions cause the depletion of the ozone layer (2). CFCs are utilized in air conditioners, refrigerators, spray cans etc. The depletion of the ozone layer disturbs the natural process of protecting the planet from intense heat rays and results in increasing the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere. 3. Effects of Global Warming The following figure shows the projected increasing temperature in the atmosphere of the planet that is predicted to bear even more disastrous effects in the future: Figure 2: Projected increase in

Heredity, Genetics and Protein Synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Heredity, Genetics and Protein Synthesis - Essay Example In ancient times, people wondered how babies were born and why they share many characteristics of their parents. For long it was a mystery, until Gregor Mandel, an Austrian monk introduced some principles that formed the basis of modern genetics. He explained that these characteristics or heritable properties are transferred as units called genes. (Sharma 2005, p.2). With the development in science and availability of modern research techniques, it was soon confirmed that these genes are nucleotide sequence in a DNA molecule. This sequence is like an instruction manual of how characteristics will be developed in an individual. As Mandel had explained earlier, one characteristic or gene is inherited from each parent. But where are these genes located and how they are transferred from parents to offspring? This was the question that was soon answered following a year after Mandel’s death. It was initially proposed that genetic material is located in nucleus. Walter Sutton and Th eodore Boveri proposed in 1903, that genes are carried in special structures called chromosomes. (Sharma 2005, p.14). Genes are set of instruction carried by special molecules called Deoxyribonucleac Acid or DNA. It is this molecule that winds around histone proteins to form a chromosome. DNA has a unique structure that enables it to preserve and transfer genetic material. DNA is a double stranded, anti parallel helical structure with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate backbone. Each nucleotide has either a purine or pyramidine nitrogenous base attached to it. Guacine pairs with cytosine and thymine pairs with adenine on complementary strands. This variable sequence of base pair is actually the genetic code. A specific gene is present at fixed location on a chromosome called locus. There are 23 pairs of chromosome present in a somatic cell of a human being and each parent contributes one chromosome to form that pair. How these chromosomes are transferred from parents to offspring? The answer is simple; gametes of each parent contain 23 chromosomes and when two gametes fuse these chromosomes are added together in one cell called zygote. All the subsequent cells that are formed from zygote by the process of mitosis contain identical genetic material. So any somatic cell has a pair of same chromosome, one from mother and one from father. As mentioned earlier, genes are present at fixed locations on a chromosome. If there is a pair of chromosome it means there will be two sets of same gene, one from each parent present at the same loci. The base sequence of these two sets of genes may not be same and this variation in gene is called an allele. (Kail & Cavanaugh 2007, p.44). Now important question is which of these two genes will be expressed in the offspring? Remember that genetic makeup of an individual is called genotype and its physical expression is a phenotype. In most cases, both alleles are expressed to produce a phenotype. Sickle cell disease is caused by mutation in the beta haemoglobin gene. When this gene is expressed it forms an abnormal protein which causes alteration in the shape of red blood cell from biconcave disk to sickle shaped (Bloom, 1995). As part of previous discussion, this gene also has two alleles inherited from each parent. An individual with only one mutated gene will not get this disease because the other normal gene will also be expressed and compensate for abnormal gene. This is a very good example of how genes are key determinants of human characteristics. Not all sequences in a DNA represent a gene. All the genetic material in nucleus and in mitochondria together is called a genome. Only 1% f this genome is actually genes. Thousand of these genes guide species in growth and development of other characteristics. One gene